Java编程中Parameterized Test-Junit

编程教程 > Java (1737) 2024-11-26 14:39:04

一、Junit传参到单元测试的方式

在JUnit中，您可以通过以下方法将参数传递到单元测试方法:

构造函数
通过注解@Parameter注入

P.S 本教程测试使用Junit版本为4.12

二、多个参数的测试

创建类MatchUtils,里面有个简单的加法运算,代码如下:

public class MathUtils {

    public static int add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }

}

三、Parameterized via Constructor

通过构造函数传递参数
ParameterizedTest.java

import com.mkyong.examples.MathUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameters;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;

@RunWith(value = Parameterized.class)
public class ParameterizedTest {

    private int numberA;
    private int numberB;
    private int expected;

    // Inject via constructor
    // for {8, 2, 10}, numberA = 8, numberB = 2, expected = 10
    public ParameterizedTest(int numberA, int numberB, int expected) {
        this.numberA = numberA;
        this.numberB = numberB;
        this.expected = expected;
    }

	// name attribute is optional, provide an unique name for test
	// multiple parameters, uses Collection<Object[]>
    @Parameters(name = "{index}: testAdd({0}+{1}) = {2}")
    public static Collection<Object[]> data() {
        return Arrays.asList(new Object[][]{
                {1, 1, 2},
                {2, 2, 4},
                {8, 2, 10},
                {4, 5, 9},
                {5, 5, 10}
        });
    }

    @Test
    public void test_addTwoNumbes() {
        assertThat(MathUtils.add(numberA, numberB), is(expected));
    }

}

四、Parameterized via Field Injection

通过字段注入方式传参
ParameterizedTest.java

import com.mkyong.examples.MathUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameters;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameter;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;

@RunWith(value = Parameterized.class)
public class ParameterizedTest {

    //default value = 0
    @Parameter(value = 0)
    public int numberA;

    @Parameter(value = 1)
    public int numberB;

    @Parameter(value = 2)
    public int expected;

    @Parameters(name = "{index}: testAdd({0}+{1}) = {2}")
    public static Collection<Object[]> data() {
        return Arrays.asList(new Object[][]{
                {1, 1, 2},
                {2, 2, 4},
                {8, 2, 10},
                {4, 5, 9},
                {5, 5, 10}
        });
    }

    @Test
    public void test_addTwoNumbes() {
        assertThat(MathUtils.add(numberA, numberB), is(expected));
    }

}

注意:
注解@Parameters中, name属性是可选的, 可以帮助您通过提供唯一的名称来标识单个测试用例。
什么是 {0}, {1} and {2}?
如果参数是 “{ 3, 4, 7 }”, 则 {0} = 3, {1} = 4, {2} = 7.
输出:

五、DomainUtils – 测试一个参数

另一个简单的类，验证一个域名。
DomainUtils.java

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class DomainUtils {

    private static final String DOMAIN_NAME_PATTERN = "^((?!-)[A-Za-z0-9-]{1,63}(?<!-)\\.)+[A-Za-z]{2,6}$";
    private static Pattern pDomainName = Pattern.compile(DOMAIN_NAME_PATTERN);

    public static boolean isValid(String domainName) {
        return pDomainName.matcher(domainName).find();
    }

}

六、DomainUtils Parameterized 测试

方法的参数都是通过字段的注入进来
ParameterizedTest.java

import com.mkyong.examples.DomainUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameter;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameters;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;

@RunWith(value = Parameterized.class)
public class Parameterized2Test {

    //default value = 0
    @Parameter
    public String domainName;

	//Single parameter, use Object[]
    @Parameters(name = "{index}: testDomain - {0}")
    public static Object[] data() {
        return new Object[]{
                "google.com",
                "mkyong.com",
                "twitter.com"
        };
    }

    @Test
    public void test_valid_domain() {
        assertThat(DomainUtils.isValid(domainName), is(true));
    }

}

测试输出:

Note
TestNG is more flexible in the way of passing the parameters into unit tests, read this TestNG parameter test.